WASHINGTON (March 20): The Biden administration said it is awarding Intel nearly US$20 billion (RM94.7 billion) in grants and loans on Wednesday, supercharging the company's domestic semiconductor chip output and marking the government's largest outlay to subsidise leading-edge chip production.

Biden will announce the preliminary agreement for US$8.5 billion in grants and up to US$11 billion in loans for Intel in Arizona, with some of the funding to be used to build two new factories and modernise an existing one.

Commerce Department Secretary Gina Raimondo called it a "huge deal" and one of the largest investments ever in US semiconductor manufacturing.

"It means leading-edge semiconductors made in the United States of America," she said on Tuesday, noting that the country's share of leading-edge chip production is now at zero but may rise to 20% by 2030 thanks in part to the subsidy program.

The goal is to reduce reliance on China and Taiwan, as the share of global semiconductor manufacturing capacity in the US has fallen from 37% in 1990 to 12% in 2020, according to the Semiconductor Industry Association.

Reuters first reported news of the trip to Arizona, a critical political swing state that Biden, who narrowly won the state in 2020, hopes to win in November in his matchup against Republican former president Donald Trump.

The historic outlay shows the Biden administration is betting big on Intel as part of the 2022 Chips and Science Act, a bid to boost domestic semiconductor output with US$52.7 billion in funding, including US$39 billion in subsidies for semiconductor production and US$11 billion for research and development.

Commerce is dedicating US$28 billion for government subsidies for chips manufacturing — although it has more than US$70 billion in requests — and also has US$75 billion in lending authority.

The announcement in Arizona could also help Democrats defend a critical US Senate seat in the November elections and possibly provide a boost in a pair of competitive House of Representative races.

Arizona was a point of pride for Biden’s 2020 campaign, which flipped the southwestern state for the first time in six presidential elections, but his aides see delivering a repeat victory as a tall order.

It is also welcome news for Intel, which in January forecast first-quarter revenue could miss market estimates by more than US$2 billion, as it grapples with uncertain demand for its chips used in the traditional server and personal computer markets.

Last month, the Biden administration awarded US$1.5 billion to GlobalFoundries, the world's third-largest contract chipmaker, to build a semiconductor production facility in Malta, New York, and expand existing operations there and in Burlington, Vermont.

In January, Commerce announced Microchip Technology would get US$162 million in government grants, allowing the company to triple production of mature-node semiconductor chips and microcontroller units at two US factories.

Awards for South Korea's Samsung and Taiwan's TSMC are expected in the coming weeks.

In addition to Intel's Arizona projects, the money will help fund Intel's delayed leading-edge factory construction project in Ohio, a nearly complete advanced packaging facility in New Mexico, and a research and development facility in Oregon.

Officials declined to detail how much money would flow to each project.

In addition to the funds slated to be announced on Wednesday, Intel is expected to receive as much as US$3.5 billion from the Commerce Department to boost security at its Arizona facilities to produce sensitive chips for the military.