kcchongnz has left a new comment on your post "Graham Net-Net Investment Strategy and some property companies - kcchongnz":
Negative Enterprise Value Stocks
Recall the following formulae for enterprise value and the intuitive definition of excess cash.
Enterprise Value = Market Capitalization + Total Debt - Excess Cash
Excess Cash = Total Cash - MAX(0,Current Liabilities-Current Assets)
If the excess cash in cash and marketable securities exceed the cumulated market values of debt and equity, it gives you a negative enterprise value. In theory, at least, this seems to be an easy arbitrage opportunity, where you can buy all of the debt and equity in a firm and use its cash balance to cover your investment costs and keep the difference.
Like Graham net nets, typical negative EV stocks are ugly balance sheet plays often associated with pre-bankruptcy cases. They lose money; they burn cash; in other words, where the cash may or may not be there tomorrow. Frankly, that’s why normally they’re cheap. But do all negative enterprise value companies in Bursa cash burners?
Let us look at a research done in US on the return in investing in negative EV for forty years from 1972-2012 by the CFA Institute in the link below:
http://blogs.cfainstitute.org/
The author's research showed that the average return of 26569 opportunities in 2613 stocks was 50.4% for all negative EV stocks, and 60.5% for micro stocks with limited liquidity of market caps under $50m after holding the investment for one year, not including trading costs, taxes, and so on. Not bad!.
Hence it may be a great strategy to invest in negative enterprise value stocks for some extra-ordinary return. Do you have one?
KC Chong in Auckland (15/12/13)
Posted by kcchongnz at Dec 15, 2013 06:41 PM
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nokenzo, that is just an excel formula. if current liabilities > current assets, then that value needs to be subtracted from total cash to find excess cash. If current liabilities < current assets, means that current assets able to cover the current liabilities (current ratio >1) then the excess cash = total cash
2013-12-17 13:01
Yes, houseofordos explained it clearly what and how to calculate excess cash.
Excess cash is cash not needed for the ordinary operations of a business. It can theoretically be distributed to the shareholders without affecting the business. When doing valuation using discount cash flows, I add this "excess cash" to the theoretical enterprise value of the company to give the "intrinsic value".
Excess cash is typically made up from the cash in bank, FD, short term money market fund, or even equity. To be conservative, we need to have a positive net working capital (inventories+receivables-payable). As balance sheet is a snapshot of the company's financial position at a specific time, sometimes the balance sheet shows a negative working capital, but generally not for long time.
So to be conservative, we shouldn't take all the "excess cash" as such without taking into consideration that business generally requires positive net working capital.
With the above in mind, you may now understand why the formula for excess cash, which I learned it from Jae June from the Old School Value not too long ago. It took me a while to figure out the rationale.
2013-12-17 13:38
FARLIM is selling below p/cash or -EV after selling a land. Debt is 100k,but how long wil this last? biggest shareholder controls 43% and used to be a taiko in pg.
In ur formula above,u subtract EXCESS CASH instead of CASH? that's a tweak to the original
2014-11-21 05:33
i've a list of -EV co, wondering if u 2 are keen to monitor them. I've 3Qs:
1) MI is added. MI is the value of holding in co, the assumption is the MV will not changed cuz u've acquired the co and then only sell of the Mi?
2) but associate co is subtracted, well u stil pocket the proceed if u sell off the stock in associate co, y subtract?
3) in ur case why u subtract CASH from current debt? just ur conservatism or own practise or?
2014-11-21 05:48
Posted by vinext > Nov 21, 2014 05:48 AM | Report Abuse
i've a list of -EV co, wondering if u 2 are keen to monitor them. I've 3Qs:
1) MI is added. MI is the value of holding in co, the assumption is the MV will not changed cuz u've acquired the co and then only sell of the Mi?
2) but associate co is subtracted, well u stil pocket the proceed if u sell off the stock in associate co, y subtract?
3) in ur case why u subtract CASH from current debt? just ur conservatism or own practise or?
You need to understand what enterprise value, subsidiary and associate companies and how they are dealt with in a balance sheet, including cash. This may help:
http://klse.i3investor.com/blogs/kcchongnz/49016.jsp
You can send your list of -ve EV companies to me if you wish
ckc14training2@gmail.com
2014-11-21 08:56
ido understand what enterprise value is.A subsidiary is 50%+1share.Associate companies are 20-50%. AC usualy is recorded as invt, but not subs. Wat is ur understanding on this
ckc14training2@gmail.com for my record. BTW my 1st is FARLIM, wat abt urs?
i wil go thru my memory n chrome history to recollect,tq tq
2014-11-21 19:11
i made a mistake,AC is sellable,so u substract cuz u get the proceed,was 6am,blur d
2014-11-21 19:20
nokenzo
Hi KC, what do mean by MAX(0,Current Liabilities-Current Assets)? What is MAX and What is 0?
2013-12-16 21:28