WASHINGTON: Unable to drive due to a medical condition, Patricia Robinson had been missing doctor’s appointments and felt isolated without another means of transport near her home in the US state of North Carolina.

But today, thanks to an on-demand, public ride-sharing service that launched in the small city of Wilson in late 2020, she has a way to get to the doctor and ensure her two daughters can participate in school-related activities.

“It’s been a blessing for me to get from point A to point B,” Robinson, 35, said by phone. “(Before) I wouldn’t go nowhere. I would be stuck in the house, struggling, not being able to get my medication.”

Robinson uses Ride, one of a number of affordable, on-demand “microtransit” initiatives that are expanding from major US cities to more rural parts of the country, from Wilson to the Blackfeet Indian Reservation in Montana.

Advocates say such services can play a key role in providing transport to vulnerable residents of so-called “transit deserts”, though past experiments have shown the programmes can become victims of their own success by ending up oversubscribed.

“It’s revolutionised the way we do things in this whole region,” said Will Wright, transit operations director for Mountain Empire Older Citizens, an elderly care and transit agency in southwest Virginia, on the East Coast.

Wright’s group operates METGo!, a microtransit service that offers free rides in parts of rural Wise County, Virginia, where the poverty rate is estimated to top - nearly twice the national rate.

“I expect it to continue to grow and continue and continue and hopefully we can get (service) in every little town that we have,” he said. “I think this is the breeding ground (for) how things will change in the future nationwide.”

The service in Wise, which launched last June as part of a pilot programme, has transported more than 12,000 people within about six months - a figure Wright called “astronomical”.

Valeria Reynolds, who works at a local Spero Health clinic, which offers treatment for drug and alcohol addiction, estimated that 95% of patients use the service to access treatment, or to get to work or church, for example.

“People depend on it,” she said. “They don’t have transportation or cars, or can’t afford it... it’s just a huge need here in southwest Virginia.”

‘Forgotten’ demographics

Locations including Wise have partnered with corporations such as Via, a company founded in 2012 that manages the tech side of the new services to maximise route and ridership efficiency.

Unlike private consumer ride-hailing companies like Uber and Lyft, Via partners with cities, communities and transportation agencies to provide public transport services.

Riders use an app or call a number to hail a vehicle, frequently a wheelchair-accessible van, to transport them at a fraction of the cost of traditional ride-sharing apps.

Some of the early programmes are leveraging a combination of state, federal and tribal grant money to help set up the services.

In Wilson, Ride passengers pay US$1.50 a ride, with discounts available for seniors and people with disabilities. METGo! has been free of charge during the Covid-19 pandemic.

“Our average rider makes less than US$25,000 a year... (if) someone has to pay a US$15-US$20 cab fare, that’s a tremendous amount of money,” said Rodger Lentz, chief planning and development officer with the city of Wilson. “I do think it’s going to grow.”

Across the country in northwest Montana, the Blackfeet Indian Reservation launched its microtransit service with Via last year.

Since partnering with the company, passenger numbers have more than doubled to about 1,150 people per month, said Blackfeet Transit Director Warren Blackman.

The service costs US$1 per ride for adults. More than half of the users are seniors or people with disabilities, who can travel for free.

“That’s kind of the demographic that tends to get forgotten,” Blackman said.

Too popular

Microtransit has had a mixed record in more urban settings, including some efforts in which anticipated demand did not materialise, but experts said it is more likely to work in rural settings.

“The urban experiments in microtransit systems just don’t live up to the hype,” said Ben Fried, a spokesman for TransitCenter, a research and advocacy group. “In more spread out areas, microtransit might be a better fit.”

In some places, low-cost ride-sharing initiatives have become too popular.

When Innisfil, a small town in Ontario, Canada, launched a subsidised service in 2017 in lieu of traditional buses, the programme proved such a hit that the town had to cap the number of trips per passenger.

“It was popular, and therefore it was a problem,” said Jarrett Walker, a longtime transit consultant.

The United States’ newly enacted US$1 trillion federal infrastructure bill includes at least US$2bil over the next five years for rural transportation.

“On-demand mobility services” are eligible for the funds, raising proponents’ hopes that services outside of major cities might be able to continue for the near future.

For people like Kristina Mullins in southwest Virginia, who juggles her job at a motel with caring for her two young children, having access to METGo! has been “amazing”.

Mullins, who does not have a driver’s license, estimated that the service saves her up to US$40 a month in gas money she would otherwise be giving to friends to shuttle her around.

“I know it doesn’t sound like much, but it helps me buy more diapers and stuff I need for the house... diapers cost a lot,” she said with a laugh. “I hope they can expand.”

- Reuters