SHANGHAI: Punishing heat throughout southern China is stressing power networks and farmland as extreme weather continues to exact a deadly toll in the world’s second-biggest economy.

Electricity demand in Shanghai has hit a record as temperatures surged to 40.4°C last Sunday, close to the city’s all-time high of 40.9°C first recorded in 1873 and repeated two years ago.

Nearby provinces are also closely tracking the heat to ensure power supplies, while officials have warned rice farmers in Jiangxi and tropical fruit growers in Fujian to protect crops from the blistering conditions.

So far, the grid is holding up, supported by ample stockpiles of coal, China’s mainstay fuel, as well as increased contributions from solar and hydroelectric power, which is still the nation’s chief source of renewable energy.

Having learned the lessons from crippling power outages in recent years, the authorities have lifted coal imports to all-time highs and domestic production to near-record levels.

Heavy rains, meanwhile, have swelled the reservoirs that supply the nation’s hydropower.

Climate change is now making extreme weather events more frequent and intense, and the searing heat comes even as parts of the country continue to be buffeted by torrential rain and floods.

A mudslide in the south-western province of Sichuan last Saturday killed at least eight people, according to state media.

In Shanghai, the coastal metropolis of 25 million people, the local grid announced that power demand soared to over 40 gigawatts last Friday, more than the entire capacity of the Philippines.

The financial centre of Lujiazui, filled with glass-encrusted skyscrapers and designer malls, consumes twice as much electricity per square m as Manhattan.

The city’s efforts to decarbonise and shift away from heat-trapping coal involve importing 22% of its power from hydroelectric dams, as well as plans to develop 29 gigawatts of offshore wind turbines.

Nearby provinces including Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Anhui - some of the richest and most industrialised areas of the country - are also facing extreme heat, according to the China Meteorological Administration, although widespread power outages have so far been avoided.

China has updated its provincial-level consumption targets for renewables in 2024-2025, and introduced a mandate for aluminium makers for the first time.

China’s oil demand could peak at 16.5 million barrels a day in 2027 - three years ahead of schedule - due to more stringent policies on energy intensity and carbon emissions, according to Bloomberg Intelligence.

China’s government last Saturday laid out its priorities to spur consumer spending as weak domestic demand continues to weigh on growth.

China is planning a shift in the way it aims to control greenhouse gases, favouring hard targets for total carbon emissions over its current method of measuring them against economic growth.

 - Bloomberg