The People’s Bank of China reports that the combined domestic debt of corporations, households and the public sector increased last year to a level equivalent to 280 % of GDP (285 trillion yuan or 36 trillion euros), up from 255 % of GDP in 2019. When China’s foreign debt (which the PBoC estimates to be 14.5 % of GDP at the end of June) is included, total debt rises to about 295 % of GDP.
Due to the covid crisis and related measures, the debt-to-GDP ratios of many countries increased significantly last year. Figures from the Bank of International Settlements (BIS) for over 40 countries suggest China’s the increase in debt-to-GDP ratio from the start of 2020 to end of June was quite ordinary compared to the other countries. China’s debt-to-GDP ratio, nevertheless, is distinctly higher than in other emerging economies and on par with US and euro area, which have more developed financial markets.
China’s piling on of debt has long raised concerns among observers of the Chinese economy because rapid descents into indebtedness in other countries have typically led to major economic collapse or severe banking crises. Moreover, China was already engaged in efforts to bail out small and medium-sized banks before covid-19 struck, with so at least 500 billion yuan (BOFIT Weekly 40/2020) in public funds already expended. The lion’s share of Chinese debt exists in the form of bank loans taken by the corporate sector. During the covid pandemic, certain branches experienced significant declines in the ability of firms to service their debts. Stress tests released by PBoC in November showed that 10 of 30 banks were would fail even under the mildest stress scenario, which only assumed that GDP growth would be 1.6 % in 2020 and 7.8 % in 2021. The stress tests comprised all of China’s systemically critical banks.
With over 6 million forcibly displaced people, the DRC has at least a third more displacement than any other country in Africa.
South Sudan has nearly 4 million people forcibly displaced out of a total population of 11 million, making it the African country with the highest proportion of its population displaced. South Sudan is also distinctive in that the majority of its forcibly displaced are refugees and asylum seekers, living mostly in Uganda, Sudan, and Ethiopia.
Ethiopia saw the largest jump in size of its forcibly displaced population in the past year with an estimated 1.8 million people dislocated due to the conflict in Tigray. Ethiopia simultaneously hosts over 800,000 refugees from surrounding countries.
Nigeria faces a range of destabilizing security threats. In the North East region, violent attacks by Boko Haram and the Islamic State in West Africa have resulted in the displacement of 2.5 million Nigerians. Kidnappings, extortion, and organized criminal attacks in the North West have displaced an additional 800,000 people.
Sudan, with 2.5 million of its own internally displaced, is also hosting 1.1 million refugees, mostly from South Sudan and Eritrea.
Burkina Faso has experienced an explosion in its forced displacement crisis as a result of a militant Islamist group violence originating in Mali. Its 1.2 million displaced population represents a nine-fold increase from 2019.
Mozambique, the only southern African country facing a major displacement crisis, saw a tripling in its displaced population. A violent insurgency in the north by Ahlu Sunnah wa Jama'a (ASWJ) has resulted in the number of displaced increasing from 211,00 to 668,000 people in the past year.
Africa experiences extremely high levels of violence and conflict. Although the end of the Cold War has seen democratisation and peace agreements in Africa, it has also led to new types of violence and the rise of private military companies. This has called for new measures to promote security in the area.
South Sudan is a creation of america.................................and problems with south sudan have no solution yet because american soldiers are still there , just like Niger.
but others like Nigeria, Burkina Faso, Chad, sub Sahara Africa..China is helping them develop their infrastructure and they have risen up....but the most advanced examples are in Rwanda, in Zambia, and across Africa , they have experienced 20 years of relative peace is surging ahead, no stop already. Ethiopia, Uganda, Tanzania, Congo, all these are doing well and going places. ..and Chinese are the early investors.
ASEAN officially the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, is a political and economic union of 10 member states in Southeast Asia, which promotes intergovernmental cooperation and facilitates economic, political, security, military, educational, and sociocultural integration between its members and countries in the Asia-Pacific. The union has a total area of 4,522,518 km2 (1,746,154 sq mi) and an estimated total population of about 668 million, containing approximately 8.5 per cent of the world population in 2021. ASEAN generated a purchasing power parity (PPP) gross domestic product (GDP) of around US$10.2 trillion in 2022, constituting approximately 6.5 per cent of global GDP (PPP).
Posted by IDQWE001 > 11 minutes ago | Report Abuse
ASEAN officially the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, is a political and economic ...
ASEAN Countries are in the upper hand to boost up the world economy in foreseen near future. Malaysia is one of top choice under DSAI and Unity government.
ASEAN's primary objectives are to accelerate economic growth by loosening restrictions on goods, services and capital within the internet market and through that advance cultural, economical and social progress and development. A secondary objective was to promote regional peace and stability as a combined force based on the rule of law and the principles of the UN Charter. With some of the fastest growing economies in the world, ASEAN has broadened its objective beyond the economic and social spheres. In 2003, ASEAN moved along the path similar to the European Union (EU) by agreeing to establish an ASEAN community that consists of three pillars: the ASEAN Security Community, the ASEAN Economic Community, and the ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community. The ten stalks of rice in the ASEAN flag and insignia represents the ten Southeast Asian countries bound together in solidarity.
LOL Asean is so happy that they get to benefit from US-CHINA .... because of this we are getting more from China just to make us less Pro US .... benefitors happy to
ASEAN regularly engages other countries in the Asia-Pacific region and beyond. A major partner of UN, SCO, PA, GCC, MERCOSUR, CELAC, and ECO, ASEAN maintains a global network of alliances and dialogue partners and is considered by many as a global powerhouse, the central union for cooperation in Asia-Pacific, and a prominent and influential organization. It is involved in numerous international affairs, and hosts diplomatic missions throughout the world. The organization's success has become the driving force of some of the largest trade blocs in history, including APEC and RCEP.
With perceptions that there have been multiple incursions into the South China Sea by the PRC (China), with land, islands and resources all having had previous overlapping claims between Vietnam, Philippines, Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia, and various other countries, the PRC claim into the region is seen as intrusive by many Southeast Asian countries as of 2022, potentially a reflection of the threat of Chinese expansionism into the region. The infamous 9-dash line claimed by the People's Republic of China (PRC). ASEAN sought for a more unified response against what it perceived to be Chinese penetration and hegemony into the region. There have been attempts to counterbalance this sway by attempting to align with other military alliances such as the nations in the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (QUAD).
CCP passed a law in January 2021 allowing its coast guard to fire on foreign vessels, causing greater concern amongst ASEAN states. It is considered that the Cham people, an Austronesian people indigenous to Central and South Vietnam, were the "ancient rulers of the South China Sea", having had conducted extensive trade and maritime routes throughout the Southeast Asian region.
The ASEAN region will remain attractive to foreign direct investment, with trends in commercial and state investment likely to remain consistent throughout the year, despite a more challenging macroeconomic environment.
In time Indonesia will be a very powerful force in world economy. and if Indonesia prosper so will Malaysia...............Malaysia has absolutely nothing to fear.
Indonesia China relationship? absolutely unbreakable................. very strong, as strong as China Russia. ...u see vast amounts of Chinese investments in Indonesia.
Unfinished housing development everywhere but no action to settle. very evil. ..
Unfinished housing is everywhere and no action taken.. very evil... homebuyers protest non stop. Police, developer & government all are CCP. Same kind evils bully homebuyers. very evil
Unfinished housing is everywhere and no action taken.. very evil..
With so many evidences proven that CCP treated their citizens very bad. jobless, homeless homebuyers, elderly lost their retire funds and insurance.. still want to ocupy entire south china sea... very evil.
The People’s Bank of China reports that the combined domestic debt of corporations, households and the public sector increased last year to a level equivalent to 280 % of GDP (285 trillion yuan or 36 trillion euros), up from 255 % of GDP in 2019. When China’s foreign debt (which the PBoC estimates to be 14.5 % of GDP at the end of June) is included, total debt rises to about 295 % of GDP.
The Chinese Foreign Ministry Monday stressed it is irresponsible to describe opposing the secession of "Taiwan independence" as changing the status quo in the Taiwan Straits when asked to comment on the recent Group of Seven (G7) remarks on the Taiwan question.
The G7 foreign ministers gathered on Sunday in the central Japanese resort town of Karuizawa, Nagano Prefecture. The meeting agreed that G7 countries were opposed to any unilateral attempts to change the status quo of Taiwan Straits by force and reaffirmed the importance of peace and stability across the Taiwan Straits.
In response, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Wang Wenbin noted: "If you are really concerned about the situation in the Taiwan Straits, you should first find out where the root cause of the tension in the Taiwan Strait lies."
The facts have shown that the "Taiwan independence" force on the island, with the connivance and support of external forces, are doing whatever they can to promote secessionist activities, which is destroying the status quo in the Taiwan Straits and is the root cause of tensions in the Taiwan Straits, Wang said.
Unequivocally upholding the one-China principle and rejecting "Taiwan independence" is a must in safeguarding stability in the Taiwan Straits and regional peace and tranquility, he added.
The spokesperson pointed out some said it supports the one-China policy but in action it was turning a blind eye to the separatist activities of "Taiwan independence" forces, condoning and supporting them, both overtly and covertly.
"This is deviating from, rather than practicing the one-China policy, and is undermining rather than maintaining peace and stability in the Taiwan Straits," he added and called such acts irresponsible.
Wang reiterated that there is but one China in the world, Taiwan is an inalienable part of China and the government of the People's Republic of China is the sole legal government representing the whole of China, adding this is the core essence of the one-China principle and the key to maintaining peace and stability in the Taiwan Straits.
The countries concerned should realize that the Taiwan question is an internal affair of China that does not allow any external interference, he noted.
In terms of the true status quo in the Taiwan Straits, Wang said although the two sides of the Taiwan Straits have not yet been reunified, the fact that both the mainland and Taiwan belong to one and the same China has never changed and neither China's national sovereignty nor its territorial integrity has ever been divided.
Wang also said Taiwan's return to China is an important part of the post-WWII international order and called for safeguarding international order formed after World War II.
KARUIZAWA, Japan: The G7's top diplomats arrive Sunday in the Japanese resort town of Karuizawa for talks set to be dominated by twin crises: China's growing pressure on Taiwan, and Russia's war in Ukraine.
There will be no shortage of diplomatic and security challenges to discuss, but recent regional events are likely to sharpen the focus on Asia.
The meeting comes days after China concluded major military drills around self-ruled Taiwan, and with Beijing barring ships from an area north of the island on Sunday.
On Thursday, North Korea launched what it said was a new solid-fuel intercontinental ballistic missile, just the latest in a stepped-up barrage of tests that have rattled nerves.
As this year's host, Tokyo is keen to ensure regional challenges are top of the agenda, and will make clear it believes Russia's invasion of Ukraine only heightens the need for vigilance in Asia.
Japan's Prime Minister Fumio Kishida, whose government has revamped defense policy and spending in the face of growing Chinese power, has repeatedly warned "Ukraine today could be East Asia tomorrow."
"Japan's basic position... on Ukraine is that the security of Europe and that of the Indo-Pacific cannot be discussed separately," a Japanese government official said ahead of the talks. "They are intertwined with each other."
The G7 has regularly warned China against attempts to seize Taiwan, and individual members have sounded the alarm in recent days.
"A military escalation in the Taiwan Strait... would be a horror scenario for the entire world," German Foreign Minister Annalena Baerbock said this Friday in Beijing.
ut there will be renewed focus on the grouping's language after recent comments by French President Emmanuel Macron.
His insistence, after a trip to Beijing, that Europe should avoid "crises that aren't ours" has raised eyebrows and ire among Paris's allies, while delighting Chinese officials.
Paris has worked to temper the reaction, insisting France's views have not changed, and most observers expect the group to reiterate previous positions warning China against "changing the status quo by force."
'Freedom of maneuver'
Still, Macron's comments expose a reality for the group — Japan, the United States, Britain, Canada, France, Italy, Germany and the European Union — said Paul Nadeau, adjunct professor of political science at Temple University's Japan campus.
"Each member of the G7 still wants a bit of autonomy in the way they pursue their relationship with China," he told Agence France-Presse.
"They don't want to overcommit, they want to maintain some freedom of maneuver."
So while China will be a top priority, consensus will be easier to find for the grouping on Ukraine, with their final statement likely to again demand Russia's immediate withdrawal and pledge continued support for Kyiv.
The bloc has jointly imposed significant sanctions on Russia, with Japan going further than before to join its allies in punishing Moscow for the invasion.
That makes it unlikely the meeting will produce substantive new measures, though promises to support war-crimes prosecution, as well as fresh expressions of concern on nuclear saber-rattling by Russia are probable.
Both Russia's invasion and growing concerns about China have put renewed focus on the issue of economic security and the urgent need to diversify supply chains for everything from energy to semiconductors.
Tokyo and Washington have warned about the risk of "economic coercion," and G7 ministers are expected to pledge measures to counter attempted supply distortions.
Japan recently joined the Netherlands and United States in announcing export controls for chip equipment, a move seen as targeting China, which has called for a WTO review.
The two-day meeting will also tackle international crises from the Taliban's continuing grip on Afghanistan to the ruling military junta's latest attacks in Myanmar, along with space and cybersecurity and disinformation.
It is seen as setting the stage for the leaders' summit in Hiroshima this May.
Security in Karuizawa, west of Tokyo, will be particularly tight after an explosive was thrown Saturday at a campaign event featuring Kishida, who escaped unharmed.
This book is the result of the author's many years of experience and observation throughout his 26 years in the stockbroking industry. It was written for general public to learn to invest based on facts and not on fantasies or hearsay....
Posted by IDQWE001 > 2023-04-05 15:08 | Report Abuse
The People’s Bank of China reports that the combined domestic debt of corporations, households and the public sector increased last year to a level equivalent to 280 % of GDP (285 trillion yuan or 36 trillion euros), up from 255 % of GDP in 2019. When China’s foreign debt (which the PBoC estimates to be 14.5 % of GDP at the end of June) is included, total debt rises to about 295 % of GDP. Due to the covid crisis and related measures, the debt-to-GDP ratios of many countries increased significantly last year. Figures from the Bank of International Settlements (BIS) for over 40 countries suggest China’s the increase in debt-to-GDP ratio from the start of 2020 to end of June was quite ordinary compared to the other countries. China’s debt-to-GDP ratio, nevertheless, is distinctly higher than in other emerging economies and on par with US and euro area, which have more developed financial markets. China’s piling on of debt has long raised concerns among observers of the Chinese economy because rapid descents into indebtedness in other countries have typically led to major economic collapse or severe banking crises. Moreover, China was already engaged in efforts to bail out small and medium-sized banks before covid-19 struck, with so at least 500 billion yuan (BOFIT Weekly 40/2020) in public funds already expended. The lion’s share of Chinese debt exists in the form of bank loans taken by the corporate sector. During the covid pandemic, certain branches experienced significant declines in the ability of firms to service their debts. Stress tests released by PBoC in November showed that 10 of 30 banks were would fail even under the mildest stress scenario, which only assumed that GDP growth would be 1.6 % in 2020 and 7.8 % in 2021. The stress tests comprised all of China’s systemically critical banks.